Platelate | Platelate count
It is also called Thrombocyte
Average size is 2.2 to 2.5micron.
It is smallest blood cell.
It is non-nucleated, biconvex, discoid, spherical, elongated, oval.
The normal range is about 1.5 to 4 lakh cumm.
If platelate count decrease than normal called Thrombocytopenia and increase than normal called Thrombocytosis.
Critical stage i.e. illness when platelate count is lower than 40000.
Platelate fprmed from Megakaryocyte from bone marrow.
Formation of platelate from bone mrrow called Thrombopoiesis.
The structure of platelate, outer layer called plasma membrane made up of glycoprotein.
Platelate consist of alpha granule, dense granule canilicular system, microtubules, lysosome(for death).
Apha granule secrete clotting factor.
Function
It assist the hemostasis mechanism.
It play imporatant role in 1st hemostasis by aggregation, clumping.
It release different type of bleeding factor.
It act as a vasocontraction(contract blood vessel) contain serotin.
Platelate Count
The platelate count by manually..
Requirement
1. Improve neubauer chamber
2. Platelate diluting fluid
3. Rbc diluting fluid
4. Coverslip
5. Microscope
6. Cotton swab
7. Syringe
8. EDTA tube
Platelate diluting fluid
1.Hydrochloride - 3g
2. Nacl - 1g
3. Distilled Water - 100 ml
Or
4. Ammonium oxalate - 1%
5. Phosphate buffer
Procedure
1. The EDTA blood mix properly.
2. Draw the blood upto 0.5 mark into the RBC pipette.
3. Wipe the excessive blood by using dry cotton.
4. Draw the platelate diluting fluid upto 101 mark pf Rbc pipette.
5. Then mix it by placing horizontally into the both palm and rotate it forward and backward direction.
6. Discard the few drop of fluid.
7. The charging or loading the neubauer chamber by placing one drop between coverslip and neubauer chamber.
8. The neubauer chamber place in petridish for the 5min incubation.
9. Then place neubauer chamber into the microscope stage and focus by 10x.
10. Then observed under the microscope for 40x.
11. Then count the one square or middle square in the neubauer chamber.
Calculation
Platelate count : Number of cell count * dilution / Area * Dilution area
Clinical Significance
Platelate count is performed in investigtion of bleeding disorder.
Thrombocytosis can cause clot in blood vessel.
What it means to have too few platelets
When you don’t have enough platelets, it’s called thrombocytopenia. Symptoms include easy bruising, and frequent bleeding from the gums, nose, or GI tract. Your platelet count drops when something is preventing your body from producing platelets. There are a wide range of causes, including:
- Medications
- An inherited condition
- Certain types of cancer, such as leukemia or lymphoma
- Chemotherapy treatment for cancer
- Kidney infection or dysfunction
- Too much alcohol